5.2.1. 辨破小乘隨名多體失

sa cetpunaryathaivābhilāpo yeṣu dharmeṣu yasminvastuni pravartate tadātmakāste dharmā vā tadvastu syāt| evaṃ sati bahuvidhā bahavaḥ svabhāvā ekasya dharmasyaikasya vastuno bhaveyuḥ| tat kasya hetoḥ| tathā hyekasmindharme ekasminvastuni bahuvidhā bahavo bahubhirabhilāpaiḥ prajñaptaya upacārāḥ kriyante| na ca bahuvidhānāñca bahūnāṃ prajñaptivādānāṃ niyamaḥ kaścidupalabhyate| yadanyatamena prajñaptivādenaikena tasya dharmasya tasya vastunaḥ tādātmyaṃ tanmayatā tatsvabhāvatā syānnānyairavaśiṣṭaiḥ prajñaptivādaiḥ| tasmātsakalavikalaiḥ sarvaprajñaptivādaiḥ sarvadharmāṇāṃ sarvavastūnāṃ nāsti tādātmyaṃ nāsti tanmayatā nāsti tatsvabhāvatā|

若於諸法諸事隨起言說,即於彼法彼事有自性者,如是,一法一事應有眾多自性。何以故?以於一法一事制立眾多假說而詮表故。亦非眾多假說詮表決定可得,謂隨一假說,於彼法彼事有體、有分、有其自性,非餘假說。是故一切假說若具不具,於一切法、於一切事,皆非有體、有分、有其自性。(大正30.488a20-27)

Moreover, with regard to dharma-s and object-base (vastu), if they operate just like the expression, these dharma-s and that object-base should be possessed of that self-nature. This being so, there would be manifold intrinsic natures of one dharma, one object-base. Why? Because with regard to one dharma, one object-base, assorted and numerous figurative expressions (upacārāḥ) are coined by means of many terminologies for the sake of designations. And, among the multiple and numerous conceptual designations, not any fixed definition is apperceived (upalabhyate) such that, with regard any one of them, any one of the conceptual designations of that dharma, object-base, ought to have that identity, that composition, that intrinsic nature and not any other remaining conceptual designations. Therefore, in terms of all complete or incomplete conceptual designations, all dharma-s, all object-bases do not possess that identity, that composition nor that intrinsic nature. (FT 5.2.1)

 

sacetpunaryathaivābhilāpo

sacet punaḥ yathā eva abhi+lāpaḥ(lap)

[DN: sa cet]

若隨言說

sacet : adv.

punaḥ, eva : both ind.

yathā : adv.

abhilāpaḥ : m.nom.sg. of abhilāpa

yeṣu dharmeṣu yasminvastuni

yeṣu dharmeṣu yasmin vastuni

於諸法諸事

yeṣu : rel.pron. of dharmeṣu, m.loc.pl. of yad

dharmeṣu : m.loc.pl. of dharma

yasmin : rel.pron. of vastuni, n.loc.sg. of yad

vastuni : n.loc.sg. of vastu

pravartate(vṛt)

pres. 3rd sg. ātm.

tadātmakās

tat–ātmakāḥ

彼自性

tat– : pron., n.

°ātmakāḥ : cpd., m.nom.pl. of °ātmaka(adj.)

te dharmā vā tadvastu

te dharmāḥ vā tat vastu

彼法彼事

te : pron., m.nom.pl. of tad

dharmāḥ : m.nom.pl. of dharma

: ind.

tat : pron., n.nom.sg. of tad

vastu : n.nom.sg. of vastu

syāt syāt(as)

opt. 3rd sg.

     

evaṃ sati

evam sati(as)

如是

evam : ind.

sati : m.loc.sg. of sant(pr.p.)

loc.absol. meaning “this being so, …”

bahuvidhā bahavaḥ svabhāvā

bahu–vidhāḥ bahavaḥ svabhāvāḥ

眾多自性

bahu– : adj.

°vidhāḥ : cpd., m.nom.pl. of °vidha(adj.) svabhāvāḥ

bahavaḥ : m.nom.pl. of bahu(adj.) svabhāvāḥ

svabhāvāḥ : m.nom.pl. of svabhāva

ekasya dharmasyaikasya vastuno

eka+sya dharma+sya eka+sya vastu+naḥ

一法一事

ekasya : m.gen.sg. of eka(adj.) dharmasya

dharmasya : m.gen.sg. of dharma

ekasya : n.gen.sg. of eka(adj.) vastunaḥ

vastunaḥ : n.gen.sg. of vastu

bhaveyuḥ bhū+a+ī+yuḥ

應有

opt. 3rd pl.

     

tat kasya hetoḥ

何以故

tat : connective

kasya : interr.pron., m.gen.sg. of ka

hetoḥ : m.gen.sg. of hetu

     

tathā hyekasmindharme ekasminvastuni

tathā hi eka+smin dharme eka+smin vastuni

以於一法一事

tathā : adv.

hi : ind.

tathā hi : adverbial phrase meaning “because”

ekasmin : m.loc.sg. of eka(adj.)dharme

dharme : m.loc.sg. of dharma

ekasmin : n.loc.sg. of eka(adj.) vastuni

vastuni : n.loc.sg. of vastu

bahuvidhā bahavo bahubhirabhilāpaiḥ

bahu–vidhāḥ bahavaḥ bahubhiḥ

abhilāpaiḥ(lap)

眾多假說


bahu– : adj.

°vidhāḥ : cpd., m.nom.pl. of °vidha(adj.) upacārāḥ

bahavaḥ : m.nom.pl. of bahu(adj.) upacārāḥ

bahubhiḥ : m.instr.pl. of bahu(adj.) abhilāpaiḥ

abhilāpaiḥ : m.instr.pl. of abhilāpa

prajñaptaya prajñaptaye(jñā)

而詮表故

f.dat.sg. of prajñapti

upacārāḥ kriyante(kṛ)

制立

upacārāḥ : m.nom.pl. of upacāra

kriyante : pass., pres. 3rd pl.

     

na ca

亦非

na, ca : both ind.

bahuvidhānāñca bahūnāṃ prajñaptivādānāṃ

bahu–vidhānām ca bahūnām prajñapti–vādānām

眾多假說詮表

bahu– : adj.

°vidhānām : cpd., m.gen.pl. of °vidha(adj.) °vādānām

ca : ind.

bahūnām : m.gen.pl. of bahu(adj.) °vādānām

prajñapti– : f.noun

°vādānām : cpd., m.gen.pl. of °vāda

niyamaḥ(yam)

決定

m.nom.sg. of niyama

kaścidupalabhyate

kaś+cit upa+labhyate(labh)

可得

kaścit : indefinite pron., m.nom.sg. of ka with su. cit

upalabhyate : pass., pres. 3rd sg.

     

yadanyatamena prajñaptivādenaikena

yat anyatamena prajñapti–vādena ekena


謂隨一假說

yat : rel.pron., n.nom.sg. of yad

anyatamena : m.instr.sg. of anyatama

prajñapti– : f.noun

°vādena : cpd., m.instr.sg. of °vāda

ekena : m.instr.sg. of eka(adj.)°vādena

tasya dharmasya tasya vastunaḥ


於彼法彼事

tasya : pron., m.gen.sg. of tad

dharmasya : m.gen.sg. of dharma

tasya : pron., n.gen.sg. of tad

vastunaḥ : n.gen.sg. of vastu

tādātmyaṃ tanmayatā tatsvabhāvatā syān

tāt–ātmyam tat–mayatā tat–svabhāvatā
syāt(as)

有體有分有其自性

tāt– : adv.

°ātmyam : cpd., n.nom.sg. of °ātmya(adj.)

tat– : pron., n.

°mayatā : cpd., f.nom.sg., maya(adj.) with f.abs.su.

tat– : pron., n.

°svabhāvatā : cpd., f.nom.sg., svabhāva(m.) with f.abs.su.

syāt : opt. 3rd sg.

nānyairavaśiṣṭaiḥ prajñaptivādaiḥ

na anyaiḥ ava+śiṣṭaiḥ(śiṣ)
prajñapti–vādaiḥ

非餘假說

na : ind.

anyaiḥ : m.instr.pl. of anya(adj.) °vādaiḥ

avaśiṣṭaiḥ : m.instr.pl. of avaśiṣṭa(ppp.) °vādaiḥ

prajñapti– : f.noun

°vādaiḥ : cpd., m.instr.pl. of °vāda

     

tasmātsakalavikalaiḥ sarvaprajñaptivādaiḥ

tasmāt sa+kala–vi+kalaiḥ sarva–prajñapti–vādaiḥ

是故一切假說若具不具

[是故若具不具一切假說]

tasmāt : n.abl.sg. of tad used as adv.

sakala– : adj.

°vikalaiḥ : cpd., m.instr.pl. of °vikala(adj.) °vādaiḥ

sarva– : adj.

prajñapti– : f.noun

°vādaiḥ : cpd., m.instr.pl. of °vāda

sarvadharmāṇāṃ sarvavastūnāṃ

sarva–dharmāṇām sarva–vastūnām

於一切法於一切事

sarva– : adj.

°dharmāṇām : cpd., m.gen.pl. of °dharma

sarva– : adj.

°vastūnām : cpd., n.gen.pl. of °vastu

nāsti tādātmyaṃ

na asti(as) tāt–ātmyam

非有體

na : ind.

asti : pres. 3rd sg.

tāt– : adv., meaning “as that”

°ātmyam : cpd., n.nom.sg. of °ātmya(adj.)

nāsti tanmayatā

na asti tat–mayatā

非有分

na : ind.

asti : pres. 3rd sg.

tat– : pron., n.

°mayatā : cpd., f.nom.sg., maya(adj.) with f.abs.su.

nāsti tatsvabhāvatā

na asti tat–svabhāvatā

非有其自性

na : ind.

asti : pres. 3rd sg.

tat– : pron., n.

°svabhāvatā : cpd., f.nom.sg., svabhāva(m.) with f.abs.su.