6.1. 轉有經證
āptāgamato'pi
nirabhilāpyasvabhāvāḥ sarvadharmā veditavyāḥ yathoktaṃ
bhagavatā evamevārthaṃ gāthābhigītena paridīpayatā
bhavasaṃkrāntisūtre
yena
yena hi nāmnā vai yo yo dharmo'bhilapyate
na
sa saṃvidyate tatra dharmāṇāṃ sā hi dharmatāiti
kathañca
punariyaṃ gāthā etamevārthaṃ paridīpayati rūpādisaṃjñakasya
dharmasya yadrūpamityevamādi nāma yena rūpamityevamādinā nāmnā
te rūpādisaṃjñakā dharmā abhilapyante'nuvyavahriyante rūpamiti
vā vedaneti vā vistareṇa yāvannirvāṇamiti vā tatra na ca
rūpādisaṃjñakā dharmāḥ svayaṃ rūpādyātmakāḥ na ca
teṣu tadanyo rūpādyātmako dharmo vidyate yā punasteṣāṃ
rūpādisaṃjñakānāṃ dharmāṇāṃ nirabhilāpyenārthena
vidyamānatā saiṣā paramārthataḥ svabhāvadharmatā veditavyā
復由至教，應知諸法離言自性。如佛世尊《轉有經》中，為顯此義而說頌曰：
「以彼彼諸名，詮彼彼諸法，此中無有彼，是諸法法性。」
云何此頌顯如是義？謂於色等想法，建立色等法名，即以如是色等法名詮表，隨說色等想法，或說為色或說為受或說為想，廣說乃至說為涅槃。於此一切色等想法，色等自性都無所有，亦無有餘色等性法；而於其中，色等想法離言義性，真實是有，當知即是勝義自性亦是法性。(大正30.489a13-23)
Also, from the perspective of
the scriptures (āpta-āgamataḥ),
all dharma-s
should be understood as having the ineffable intrinsic natures. Just
as it has been spoken in this precise way, by the Bhagavat who
elucidated the meaning through reciting a verse in the
Bhavasaṃkrāntisūtra
:
“Indeed, by whichever name
and whichever dharma
that is linguistically expressed, that [dharma]
is not found therein. That is the dharma
nature (dharmatā)
of all dharma-s.”
And so, how does this very
stanza illuminate its meaning? That which has the name “form”
etc., a dharma
having the ideation of form etc. through that name “form” etc.,
these dharma-s
with ideation of form etc. are expressed conventionally as “form”
or “feelings” and so on up to “nirvāṇa”. And therein,
these dharma-s
with the ideation of form etc. do not, by themselves, have the nature
of form etc. nor is there another dharma
with the nature of form etc. to be found among them. However, that
which is being found among the dharma-s
with the ideation “form” etc. is in terms of the nature of being
ineffable. This is to be understood from the perspective of the
highest meaning, as the intrinsic nature, self nature of dharma-s.
(FT 6.1-6.2.1.2)
|
āptāgamato'pi ← āpta(√āp)–āgama+taḥ(√gam) api |
復由至教 |
āpta– : ppp. °āgamataḥ : cpd., abl., āgama(m.) with abl.su. taḥ api : ind. |
|
nirabhilāpyasvabhāvāḥ sarvadharmā ← nir+abhi+lāpya(√lap)–sva+bhāvāḥ sarva–dharmāḥ |
諸法離言自性 |
nirabhilāpya– : fpp. °svabhāvāḥ : cpd., m.nom.pl. of °svabhāva sarva– : adj. °dharmāḥ : cpd., m.nom.pl. of °dharma |
|
veditavyāḥ(√vid) |
應知 |
m.nom.pl. of veditavya(fpp.) |
|
yathoktaṃ bhagavatā evamevārthaṃ ← yathā uktam(√vac) bhagavatā evam eva artham |
如佛世尊…此義而說 |
yathā : adv. uktam : n.nom.sg. of ukta(ppp.) bhagavatā : m.instr.sg. of bhagavant evam : ind. eva : ind. artham : m.acc.sg. of artha |
|
gāthābhigītena paridīpayatā ← gāthā–abhi+gītena(√gai) pari+dīpayatā(√dīp) |
為顯…頌曰 |
gāthā– : f.noun °abhigītena : cpd., m.instr.sg. of °abhigīta(ppp.) paridīpayatā : m.instr.sg. of paridīpayant(pr.p., caus.) |
|
bhavasaṃkrāntisūtre ← bhava–saṃkrānti(√kram)–sūtre |
《轉有經》中 |
bhava– : m.noun saṃkrānti– : f.noun °sūtre : cpd., n.loc.sg. of °sūtra |
|
yena yena hi nāmnā vai |
以彼彼諸名 |
yena : rel.pron., n.instr.sg. of yad hi : ind., emphatic nāmnā : n.instr.sg. of nāman vai : ind., emphatic |
|
yo yo dharmo'bhilapyate ← yaḥ yaḥ dharmaḥ abhi+lapyate(√lap) |
詮彼彼諸法 |
yaḥ : rel.pron., m.nom.sg. of yad dharmaḥ : m.nom.sg. of dharma abhilapyate : pass., pres. 3rd sg. |
|
na sa saṃvidyate tatra ← na saḥ sam+vidyate(√vid) tatra |
此中無有彼 |
na : ind. saḥ : pron., m.nom.sg. of tad saṃvidyate : pass., pres. 3rd sg. tatra : adv. |
|
dharmāṇāṃ sā hi dharmatā iti ← dharmāṇām sā hi dharmatā iti |
是諸法法性 |
dharmāṇām : m.gen.pl. of dharma sā : pron., f.nom.sg. of tad hi : ind., emphatic dharmatā : f.nom.sg., dharma(m.) with f.abs.su. tā iti : ind. |
|
kathañca punar ← katham ca punaḥ |
云何 |
katham : adv. ca : ind. punaḥ: ind. |
|
iyaṃ gāthā etamevārthaṃ paridīpayati ← iyam gāthā etam eva artham pari+dīpayati(√dīp) |
此頌顯如是義
|
iyam : dem., f.nom.sg. of idam gāthā : f.nom.sg. of gāthā etam : dem., m.acc.sg. of etad eva : ind. artham : m.acc.sg. of artha paridīpayati : caus., pres. 3rd sg. |
|
rūpādisaṃjñakasya dharmasya ← rūpa–ādi–saṃjñakasya dharmasya |
於色等想法 |
rūpa– : n.noun ādi– : m.noun °saṃjñakasya : cpd., m.gen.sg. of °saṃjñaka(adj.) → dharmasya dharmasya : m.gen.sg. of dharma |
|
yadrūpamityevamādi nāma ← yat rūpam iti evam–ādi nāma |
「色」等法名 |
yat : rel.pron., n.nom.sg. of yad rūpam : n.nom.sg. of rūpa iti : ind., as quotation mark of rūpam evam– : ind. °ādi : cpd., n.nom.sg. of °ādi → nāma nāma : n.nom.sg. of nāman |
|
yena rūpamityevamādinā nāmnā ← yena rūpam iti evam–ādinā nāmnā |
即以如是「色」等法名 |
yena : rel.pron., n.instr.sg. of yad rūpam : n.nom.sg. of rūpa iti : ind., as quotation mark of rūpam evam– : ind. °ādinā : cpd., n.instr.sg. of °ādi → nāmnā nāmnā : n.instr.sg. of nāman |
|
te rūpādisaṃjñakā dharmā ← te rūpa–ādi–saṃjñakāḥ dharmāḥ |
色等想法 |
te : pron., m.nom.pl. of tad rūpa– : n.noun ādi– : m.noun °saṃjñakāḥ : cpd., m.nom.pl. of °saṃjñaka(adj.) → dharmāḥ dharmāḥ : m.nom.pl. of dharma |
|
abhilapyante'nuvyavahriyante ← abhi+lapyante(√lap) anu+vi+ava+hriyante(√hṛ) |
詮表隨說 |
abhilapyante : pass., pres. 3rd pl. anuvyavahriyante : pass., pres. 3rd pl. |
|
rūpamiti vā ← rūpam iti vā |
或說為「色」 |
rūpam : n.nom.sg. of rūpa iti : ind., as quotation mark of rūpam vā : ind. |
|
vedaneti vā ← vedanā iti vā |
或說為「受」 |
vedanā : f.nom.sg. of vedanā |
|
vistareṇa yāvannirvāṇamiti vā ← vistareṇa yāvat nirvāṇam(√vā) iti vā |
廣說乃至說為「涅槃」
|
vistareṇa : adv. yāvat : ind. nirvāṇam : n.nom.sg. of nirvāṇa |
|
tatra na ca |
於此…無 |
tatra : adv. na, ca : both ind. |
|
rūpādisaṃjñakā dharmāḥ ← rūpa–ādi–saṃjñakāḥ dharmāḥ |
色等想法 |
rūpa– : n.noun ādi– : m.noun °saṃjñakāḥ : cpd., m.nom.pl. of °saṃjñaka(adj.) → dharmāḥ dharmāḥ : m.nom.pl. of dharma |
|
svayaṃ rūpādyātmakāḥ ← svayam rūpa–ādi–ātmakāḥ |
色等自性 |
svayam : adv., meaning “by themselves …” rūpa– : n.noun ādi– : m.noun °ātmakāḥ : cpd., m.nom.pl. of °ātmaka(adj.) → dharmāḥ |
|
na ca teṣu |
亦無[於此] |
na, ca : both ind. teṣu : pron., m.loc.pl. of tad |
|
tadanyo rūpādyātmako dharmo vidyate ← tat–anyaḥ rūpa–ādi–ātmakaḥ dharmaḥ vidyate(√vid) |
有餘色等性法 |
tat– : pron., n. °anyaḥ : cpd., m.nom.sg of °anya rūpa– : n.noun ādi– : m.noun °ātmakaḥ : cpd., m.nom.sg. of °ātmaka(adj.) → dharmaḥ dharmaḥ : m.nom.sg of dharma vidyate : pass., pres. 3rd sg. |
|
yā punasteṣāṃ rūpādisaṃjñakānāṃ dharmāṇāṃ ← yā punaḥ teṣām rūpa–ādi–saṃjñakānām dharmāṇām |
而於其中色等想法 |
yā : rel.pron., f.nom.sg. of yad punaḥ : ind. teṣām : pron., m.gen.pl. of tad rūpa– : n.noun ādi– : m.noun °saṃjñakānām : cpd., m.gen.pl. of °saṃjñaka(adj.) → dharmāṇām dharmāṇām : m.gen.pl. of dharma |
|
nirabhilāpyenārthena ← nirabhilāpyena(√lap) arthena |
離言義性 |
nirabhilāpyena : m.instr.sg. of nirabhilāpya(fpp.) arthena : m.instr.sg. of artha |
|
vidyamānatā ← vidyamāna+tā(√vid) |
真實是有 |
f.nom.sg., pass., vidyamāna(pr.p.) with f.abs.su. tā |
|
saiṣā paramārthataḥ svabhāvadharmatā ← sā eṣā parama–artha+taḥ svabhāva–dharma+tā |
即是勝義自性, 亦是法性 [即是勝義自性法性] |
sā : pron., f.nom.sg. of tad eṣā : dem., f.nom.sg. of etad parama– : adj. °arthataḥ : cpd., adv., artha(m./n.) with abl.su. taḥ svabhāva– : m.noun °dharmatā : cpd., f.nom.sg., dharma(m.) with f.abs.su. tā |
|
veditavyā ← veditavyā(√vid) |
當知 |
f.nom.sg. of veditavyā(fpp.) |